See the Work

Where to experience Hudson River School's works in person, and resources to learn more

View from Mount Holyoke, Northampton, Massachusetts, after a…, 1836

The Oxbow, 1836

Permanent Collections

Institutions holding Hudson River School's original works, plus the public-domain archive these images are drawn from.

The Metropolitan Museum of Art

New York City

Holds The Oxbow, Heart of the Andes, The Titan's Goblet, The Beeches and many Kensett, Gifford and Durand works, plus Durand's engravings; a CC0 source for this archive.

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National Gallery of Art

Washington, D.C.

Holds Cole's second set of The Voyage of Life, Church's Niagara and El Rio de Luz, Inness's Lackawanna Valley and luminist works by Lane and Heade; a CC0 source for this archive.

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Cleveland Museum of Art

Cleveland, Ohio

Holds Church's Twilight in the Wilderness, Cole's View of Schroon Mountain and Gifford's 1859 White Mountains sketchbook; a CC0 source for this archive.

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Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art

Bentonville, Arkansas

Home of Durand's Kindred Spirits (1849), the double portrait of Cole and William Cullen Bryant, acquired in 2005.

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Thomas Cole National Historic Site

Catskill, New York

Cole's home and studios at Cedar Grove, preserved as a museum devoted to the founder of the Hudson River School.

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Major Exhibitions

Notable retrospectives and exhibitions of Hudson River School's work.

1859
solo

The Heart of the Andes

Tenth Street Studio Building, New York

Church's single-picture exhibition of his South American panorama (April 29 - May 23, 1859), which drew large paying crowds and toured until 1861.

1980
thematic

American Light: The Luminist Movement, 1850-1875

National Gallery of Art, Washington

The exhibition that brought luminism - Lane, Heade, Kensett, Gifford and Church - to wide public attention.

1987-1988
survey

American Paradise: The World of the Hudson River School

The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

Described at the time as the first full-scale exhibition of the school in more than forty years, gathering many of its finest and most famous landscapes.

2018
solo

Thomas Cole's Journey: Atlantic Crossings

The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York; The National Gallery, London

Curated by Elizabeth Kornhauser and Tim Barringer, the first exhibition to present Cole as an international figure, marking the bicentennial of his 1818 emigration.

Books & Films About Hudson River School

Essential resources for understanding Hudson River School's life and work.

Essential Reading

Nature and Culture: American Landscape and Painting, 1825-1875 Barbara Novak, 1980

An influential study of how American painters and writers understood nature, religion and national identity, central to the modern understanding of the Hudson River School and luminism.

The Life and Works of Thomas Cole Louis Legrand Noble, 1853

The first biography of Cole, by his friend and pastor, drawing extensively on the painter's letters and journals; first published in 1853 as The Course of Empire, Voyage of Life, and Other Pictures of Thomas Cole, and reissued under this title in 1964.

Films & Other Resources

American Paradise: The World of the Hudson River School John K. Howat, Kevin J. Avery, Oswaldo Rodriguez Roque, Doreen Bolger Burke, Catherine Hoover Voorsanger, et al., 1987

The Metropolitan Museum of Art's landmark catalogue accompanying the 1987-88 exhibition that restored the school to critical prominence, with essays and entries on the major painters.

Thomas Cole's Journey: Atlantic Crossings Elizabeth Mankin Kornhauser and Tim Barringer, with others, 2018

Catalogue of the Met and National Gallery, London, exhibition presenting Cole as a transatlantic artist shaped by Turner, Constable and Claude.

American Light: The Luminist Movement, 1850-1875 John Wilmerding (editor), 1980

The National Gallery of Art's catalogue on luminism, covering Lane, Heade, Kensett, Gifford and Church.

Essay on American Scenery Thomas Cole, 1836

Cole's founding statement of the value of American wilderness, published in the American Monthly Magazine.

Letters on Landscape Painting Asher B. Durand, 1855

A series of letters to a young painter published in The Crayon, setting out the practice of close study from nature.

Explore the Archive

Browse 385 Hudson River School works from The Metropolitan Museum of Art, the National Gallery of Art and the Cleveland Museum of Art.

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